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1.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 113(3): 185-196, Mar. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-894908

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND Sporotrichosis is caused by species of the genus Sporothrix. From 1998 to 2015, 4,703 cats were diagnosed at the Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Even after the description of the Sporothrix species, the characterisation of feline isolates is not performed routinely. OBJECTIVES To characterise the clinical isolates from cats at the species level and correlate them with the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the cats. METHODS Forty seven Sporothrix spp. isolates from cats assisted at Fiocruz from 2010 to 2011 were included. Medical records were consulted to obtain the clinical and epidemiological data. The isolates were identified through their morphological and physiological characteristics. T3B polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fingerprinting was used for molecular identification of the species. FINDINGS In phenotypic tests, 34 isolates were characterised as S. brasiliensis, one as S. schenckii and 12 as Sporothrix spp. PCR identified all isolates as S. brasiliensis. MAIN CONCLUSIONS S. brasiliensis is the only etiological agent of feline sporotrichosis in Rio de Janeiro to date. None association was found between the isolates and the clinical and epidemiological data. In addition, we strongly recommend the use of molecular techniques for the identification of isolates of Sporothrix spp.


Subject(s)
Sporothrix/classification , Cat Diseases/microbiology , Cat Diseases/epidemiology , Sporothrix/genetics , Brazil/epidemiology , DNA Fingerprinting
2.
Cad. Saúde Pública (Online) ; 33(10): e00093516, oct. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-952329

ABSTRACT

Resumo: Este estudo examina a associação entre uso e cobertura do solo e a ocorrência de leishmaniose visceral (LV) canina. Estudo caso-controle em que casos foram residências com cães soropositivos para LV canina e controles, as residências com cães soronegativos. Utilizaram-se imagens de sensoriamento remoto (CBERS: 2/CCD e 2B/HRC) para descrever o uso e cobertura do solo em quadrículas de 625m2 na região do estudo. A chance da LV canina foi duas vezes maior em domicílios localizados em quadrículas com área ≤ 25m2 coberta por estruturas residenciais com pouca vegetação em comparação com aquelas em que essa cobertura alcançou ≥ 600m2. Domicílios localizados em quadrículas com até metade da área coberta por estruturas residenciais com muita vegetação tiveram chances 65% menores de LV canina em comparação com aquelas situadas em áreas quase totalmente cobertas por essa característica. Como a infecção canina costuma preceder a ocorrência de casos humanos, a identificação de características de uso e cobertura do solo associadas à LV canina pode contribuir para a delimitação de áreas de risco para LV humana.


Resumen: Este estudio examina la asociación entre uso y cobertura del suelo y la ocurrencia de leishmaniosis visceral (LV) canina. Es un estudio de caso-control, donde los casos fueron analizados en residencias con perros seropositivos para LV canina y controles, además de residencias con perros seronegativos. Se utilizaron imágenes de teledetección (CBERS: 2/CCD e 2B/HRC) para describir el uso y cobertura del suelo en cuadrículas de 625m2 en la región del estudio. La oportunidad de la LV canina fue dos veces mayor en domicilios localizados en cuadrículas con un área ≤ 25m2, cubierta por estructuras residenciales con poca vegetación, en comparación con aquellas donde esa cobertura alcanzó ≥ 600m2. Los domicilios localizados en cuadrículas con hasta la mitad del área cubierta por estructuras residenciales con mucha vegetación tuvieron oportunidades un 65% menores de LV canina, en comparación con aquellas situadas en áreas casi totalmente cubiertas por esa característica. Como la infección canina acostumbra preceder la ocurrencia de casos humanos, la identificación de las características de uso y cobertura del suelo, asociadas a la LV canina, puede contribuir a la delimitación de áreas de riesgo para LV humana.


Abstract: This study examines the association between land use and land cover and the occurrence of canine visceral leishmaniasis (VL). This is a case-control study in which cases were households with seropositive dogs for canine VL and controls were households with seronegative dogs. We used remote sensing images (CBERS: 2/CCD and 2B/HRC) to describe land use and cover in squares of 625m2 in the study area. Odds of canine VL were twice as high in households located in squares with an area ≤ 25m2 covered by residential structures with little vegetation in comparison to those where the cover reached ≥ 600m2. Households located in squares with up to half of the area covered by residential structures with extensive vegetation showed 65% lower odds of canine VL in comparison to those situated in areas almost totally covered by this characteristic. Since canine infection usually precedes the occurrence de human cases, identification of the characteristics of land use and cover associated with canine VL can contribute to the demarcation of risk areas for human VL.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Dogs , Residence Characteristics/statistics & numerical data , Dog Diseases/epidemiology , Housing/statistics & numerical data , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/veterinary , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/epidemiology , Socioeconomic Factors , Urban Population , Urbanization , Brazil/epidemiology , Logistic Models , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Ecosystem , Risk Assessment , Geographic Information Systems , Epidemiological Monitoring/veterinary , Geographic Mapping , Satellite Imagery
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